The structure of LCD
Operating Principle
LCD displays the desired color and image through the transmitted and controlled by electricity. The liquid crystal controls the lights permeability using different molecular structures that vary in accordance with the voltage.
LCD consist of two polarizers with the liquid crystal between them. The liquid crystal is twisted at an angle of 90 degrees from top to bottom.
If the electricity is generated to the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal in each layer is put in order in a same direction. The lights from lower polarizer can pass through the upper polarizer followed by the liquid crystal layer. In this way we can see the image which is delivered by the lights.
LCD Process
1. Fabricating the TFT Array
TFT Fabrication
TFT is the switching device transmitting and controlling electronic signals to the liquid crystal. In this process, deposition & patterning process is repeated many times.
Deposition & Patterning Process in Detail
2. Fabricating Color Filters
Color Filter Process is fabricating substrates arrayed color pixel which can make the color data show.
Color Filters can be made with RGB(red-green-blue) dyes or pigments divided by Black Matrix. In this process, Color Filter and Black Matrix deposition & patterning process is repeated many times.
Deposition & Patterning Process in Detail in Color Filter process
Deposition & Patterning Process in Detail in Black Matrix process
3. Liquid-crystal Cell Process
The process is shaping the liquid crystal cell between the TFT array and Color Filter substrates which are made from the different fabricating process.
4. Assembling LCD Modules
The step is completed once the LCD panel, the drive IC and backlight unit and then the frame are assembled.